Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
type: channel
description: These new results of fundamental and applied research in the field of building materials and their production technologies, theories of resistance elements of building structures outside influences, methods of calculation. Some questions on the basics and foundations and strengthening of buildings
publisher: NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF WATER AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
language: en
publication name: Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
issn: 2218-1873
items: COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE APPLICATION OF ALTERNATIVE AGGREGATES FROM THE CARPATHIAN REGION IN THE INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS AND BLOCKS
items: ADDITION OF BLAST-MILL SLAG TO PORTLAND CEMENT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THERMO-MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CEMENT-CONTAINING COMPOSITIONS
items: CEMENT-FREE AND LOW-CEMENT PRESSED MATERIALS BASED ON DISPERSED CONCRETE WASTE
items: EFFECT OF GLASS POWER AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT ON THE FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS SUBJECTED TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
items: FEATURES OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE DISPERSED FRACTION OF CONCRETE SCRAP ON THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MORTAR FOR MASONRY
items: INFLUENCE OF COMPONENT LOADING AND MIXING TECHNOLOGY ON THE STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF STRUCTURAL CONCRETES
items: STRENGTH OF FIBER-REINFORCED EXPANDED CLAY CONCRETE WITH MULTI-COMPONENT BINDER
items: INFLUENCE OF A COMPLEX POLYFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVE ON THE PROPERTIES OF OIL-WELL CEMENT
items: INFLUENCE OF POLYMER FILM-FORMERS ON PROPERTIES OF ANTI-CORROSION POWDER COATINGS FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE
items: INFLUENCE OF 3D PRINTER DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS ON EXTRUSION QUALITY
items: THE INFLUENCE OF NOZZLE GEOMETRY ON EXTRUSION QUALITY IN 3D PRINTING
items: INFLUENCE OF GROUND LIMESTONE ADMIXTURE ON THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EXOTHERMIC HEATING OF CEMENT-BASED COMPOSITIONS
items: SETTING THE DIFFUSION PARAMETERS AND MASSTRANSFER OF MOISTURE TO WOOD BY POLYMERIC MATERIAL
items: ARBOLITE CONCRETE WITH A COMPLEX OF ORGANO-MINERAL ADDITIVES AND FILLERS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES
items: STRENGTHENING OF MONOLITHIC REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS BY INSTALLING ADDITIONAL BEAMS THROUGH TECHNOLOGICAL OPENINGS: FROM ANALYSIS TO IMPLEMENTATION
items: TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE NONLINEARITIES OF RESOURCE-SAVING STEEL-CONCRETE STRUCTURES DURING FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF THEIR OPERATION
items: EXPERIMENTAL TESTS OF SEMICIRCULAR REINFORCED CONCRETE ARCHES WITH TIGHTENING, MANUFACTURED BY 3D PRINTING METHOD
items: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATED METHODS FOR MODELING METAL STRUCTURES USING AUTOCAD 3D AND TEKLA STRUCTURES
items: EFFECT OF THE DISCRETE LOCAL REINFORCEMENT PERCENTAGE STEEL FIBER CONTENT ON CRACK RESISTANCE AND CRACK WIDTH OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS
items: STUDY OF CRACK FORMATION DYNAMICS AND RESISTANCE OF PIPE JOINTS
items: INFLUENCE OF REPEATED LOADS ON DEFLECTIONS OF LINKS OF DOUBLE-HINGED REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMES WITH ARTIFICIAL REGULATION OF FORCES
items: REINFORCEMENT OF DRY FIBERCONCRETE COATINGS
items: JUSTIFICATION FOR THE SELECTION OF RATIONAL WINDOW SYSTEMS BASED ON MULTI-CRITERIA OPTIMIZATION
items: METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION IN TECHNICAL SUPERVISION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF CONSTRUCTION DIGITALIZATION
items: COMBINED FIBER-REINFORCED CONCRETE INVESTIGATION OF STRENGTH AND WEAR RESISTANCE
items: HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT OF THE INTERNAL SURFACE OF THE EXTERNAL WALL AND THERMOMETRIC METHOD
items: ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A DESIGNED SINGLE-APARTMENT RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
items: IMPACT OF CLIMATIC TEMPERATURES ON OPERATIONAL MODE OF LEFT-BANK UKRAINE MOTOR ROADS
items: JUSTIFICATION OF THE NECESSITY OF REINFORCING DAMAGED REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOORS OF LARGE-PANEL BUILDINGS BY CREATING STEEL REINFORCED CONCRETE NON-CONTINUOUS STRUCTURES
items: FEATURES OF TECHNICAL SUPERVISION OVER EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION IN CONSTRUCTION

COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE APPLICATION OF ALTERNATIVE AGGREGATES FROM THE CARPATHIAN REGION IN THE INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS AND BLOCKS
type: item
description: aggregate, concrete mix, modifying admixture, strength, wall block, road slab The paper presents the results of an experimental study on factory-produced reinforced concrete road slabs and wall blocks in which conventional aggregates were replaced with alternative local aggregates from the Carpathian region, namely gravel crushed stone and sandstone crushed stone. The main objective was to determine whether the use of local aggregates can ensure the required strength, frost resistance, and concrete uniformity for factory-made slabs and blocks of strength class C16/20 with a design frost resistance class F150. To this end, four concrete mix compositions were developed: slabs and blocks produced with gravel aggregate, and slabs and blocks produced with sandstone aggregate. The workability of the mixtures was maintained at S3 for blocks and S1 for slabs by combining the superplasticizer Plastidor 5 with the air-entraining admixture Plastidor 71 at a constant water–cement ratio. Concrete strength was determined on cubic specimens after one day of curing, after heat-and-moisture treatment, and at 28 days, enabling evaluation of both early-age and long-term strength development for each composition. Frost resistance was assessed using an accelerated cyclic freezing–thawing method in a 5% saline solution, with strength changes recorded after a specified number of cycles. All tested compositions achieved 28-day compressive strength values that substantially exceeded the normative requirements for class C16/20, while the relative strength loss after freezing–thawing cycles remained within approximately 6–12%, consistent with the requirements for concrete of class F150. In parallel with destructive testing, non-destructive assessment of strength and its distribution in finished slabs and blocks was performed using rebound hammer testing and ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements, followed by conversion to equivalent strength values. Overall, concrete made with gravel aggregat…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: A. V., Andrusyak
creator: D. V., Silchuk
creator: A. S., Velychkovych
creator: О.V., Kozak
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 3
ending page: 16
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.01

ADDITION OF BLAST-MILL SLAG TO PORTLAND CEMENT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THERMO-MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CEMENT-CONTAINING COMPOSITIONS
type: item
description: Blast furnace slag, Portland cement, grinding, exothermic, compressive strength This article presents experimental results reflecting the influence of ground blast furnace slag content on the physicomechanical properties (bulk and true density, specific surface area, normal consistency, setting time, and compressive strength of cement paste) and the exothermic properties of the binder. This cement was produced by mixing PC Ⅰ Portland cement (S = 382 m²/kg) with ground blast furnace slag (S = 350 m²/kg), the amount of which was adjusted from 0 to 35% of the mixed binder mass. The experiments revealed that the addition of blast furnace slag (35%) to Portland cement reduced the binder's bulk density from 982 to 940 kg/m³, its true consistency from 3.02 to 2.90 g/cm³, and its specific surface area from 382 to 340 m²/kg. The addition of a given amount of ground blast-furnace slag to cement reduces the normal density of the cement paste from 29.5 to 28.7%. Increasing the blast-furnace slag content in the mixed binder (from 0 to 35%) leads to an increase in the setting time of the cement paste: from 3:00 to 4:30 hours, and from 4:50 to 7:10 hours. Increasing the amount of ground blast-furnace slag in the binder leads to a decrease in exothermic heating from 45.6°C (no blast-furnace slag) to 31°C (35% blast-furnace slag in the mixed binder). These results indicate that the addition of blast-furnace slag to Portland cement reduces the strength of the cement paste for all specified curing periods. It should be noted that with increasing age of the cement stone (from 3 to 28 days), the difference in strength between cement without additives (no blast furnace slag) and cement with blast furnace slag (35%) decreases. This can be explained by the hydration activity of blast furnace slag. 1. Сторчай Н.С., Савін Ю.Л., Волнянська І.П. Науково-технічне обґрунтування використання мінеральних дисперсних систем техногенного походження. Ресурсоекономні матеріали, конструкції, будівлі та …
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: I.V., Barabasch
creator: D.A., Volynsky
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 17
ending page: 25
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.02

CEMENT-FREE AND LOW-CEMENT PRESSED MATERIALS BASED ON DISPERSED CONCRETE WASTE
type: item
description: Concrete waste, pressing, thermoactivation, strength, water resistance, curing. The scientific and practical task of this study was to assess the possibility of producing pressed cement-free and low-cement materials based on dispersed concrete waste and to determine the technological factors governing their structure formation and properties. The raw material was a fine fraction of crushed concrete debris smaller than 0.14 mm, used as the main solid component for semi-dry pressing. Four systems were studied: untreated dispersed concrete waste, thermally activated waste, and compositions containing 2.5% and 5% Portland cement. The influence of moulding moisture, pressing pressure, and curing conditions on compressive strength, density, and water resistance was evaluated. The results showed that the properties of the pressed materials are controlled by the combined effect of moisture content, compaction pressure, and curing regime. For the investigated system, rational technological parameters were a moisture content of 12-13%, a pressing pressure of 20 MPa, and air-moist curing. Under these conditions, cement-free and low-cement pressed materials with gradual strength development were obtained. It was established that both thermal activation of dispersed concrete waste at 600 °C and the introduction of small amounts of Portland cement improved compressive strength and water resistance. The highest performance was achieved for the composition with 5% cement, which reached a compressive strength of 12.8 MPa and a softening coefficient of 0.86 at 28 days. Thermal activation also proved effective, providing a 28-day strength of 11.4 MPa without a substantial increase in cement content. The obtained results confirm the prospects of using dispersed concrete waste as a structurally active component of pressed building composites. Rocha J. H., Toledo Filho R. D. The utilization of recycled concrete powder as supplementary cementitious material in cement-based materials: a sy…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: Oleh Bordiuzhenko
creator: Leonid, Dvorkin
creator: Oleksii Stepanets
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 26
ending page: 36
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.03

EFFECT OF GLASS POWER AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT ON THE FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS SUBJECTED TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
type: item
description: Concrete Properties, Mixing, Flexural Behavior, Compressive Strength, Waste Glass Powder, Elevated Temperature. Deformation and failure processes of reinforced concrete beams, in which cement is partially replaced by finely divided glass powder, under bending under thermal loading. The relevance of this work stems from the search for environmentally friendly methods of glass waste disposal and the improvement of the fire resistance of concrete structures. The study analyzes the physical and mechanical properties of modified concrete, in which glass powder acts as an active pozzolanic additive. Particular attention is paid to changes in the microstructure of the cement paste when heated to critical temperatures ($300–600$°C) and their effect on the adhesion of concrete to reinforcement. The nature of changes in the load-bearing capacity, stiffness, and crack resistance of beams under the influence of bending moments was experimentally determined. It was found that the optimal percentage of cement replacement with glass powder allows not only to preserve strength characteristics under normal conditions but also to slow down the thermal degradation of the concrete structure due to denser particle packing and changes in the phase composition of hydration products. The scientific novelty lies in establishing quantitative relationships between the glass powder content and the residual strength of reinforced elements after a thermal cycle. The practical significance of the results lies in the development of recommendations for the use of recycled glass raw materials to create concretes with improved performance properties for structures at increased risk of thermal exposure. The results of the studies showed that the initial moment of failure for beams with 5%, 10%, and 20% replacement decreased, while for beams with 15% replacement, it increased by 50% compared to the control sample for beams tested at laboratory temperature, which is a promising direction for modern rese…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: S. V. Vyhovskyi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 37
ending page: 51
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.04

FEATURES OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE DISPERSED FRACTION OF CONCRETE SCRAP ON THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MORTAR FOR MASONRY
type: item
description: dispersed fraction of concrete scrap, efficiency, mathematical planning, compressive strength, shear bond strength, water absorption, fly ash. The article presents the results of a study of the influence of the fine fraction of concrete scrap on the physical and mechanical properties of construction mortar. The fine fraction of concrete scrap was obtained by crushing, grinding and fractionation of concrete scrap. During the research, the possibility of obtaining optimal physical and mechanical parameters of the mortar for masonry is experimentally established under the condition of using finely dispersed fraction of concrete scrap (DFBB) as a partial substitute for cement. The study also used the method of mathematical experimental design. Models of the dependence of the influence of factors on the main physical and mechanical properties of the mortar for masonry were obtained: compressive strength of the mortar, shear bond strength, water absorption. The results obtained during the experiment confirm the positive effect of using DFBB as a partial substitute for cement. The results of experimental studies indicate a positive effect of DFBB on the formation of the structure and operational properties of masonry mortar. It has been established that with a rational content of the fine fraction of concrete scrap, it is possible to increase the compressive strength and adhesion of the mortar with a simultaneous decrease in water absorption, which is important for ensuring the durability of the masonry. The results obtained confirm the feasibility of using the finely dispersed fraction of concrete scrap as a partial substitute for cement in the compositions of construction mortars and open up prospects for its practical application in order to increase the resource efficiency and environmental friendliness of building materials. 1. Дворкін Л. Й., Дворкін О. Л., Пушкарьова К. К., Кочевих М. О., Мохорт М. А. Використання техногенних продуктів у будівництві. Рівне: НУВГП, 20…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: V., Zhitkovsky
creator: O.A., Syatkovskiy
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 52
ending page: 65
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.05

INFLUENCE OF COMPONENT LOADING AND MIXING TECHNOLOGY ON THE STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF STRUCTURAL CONCRETES
type: item
description: Concrete mixture, loading technology, mixture mixing time, structural concrete, strength characteristics, strength class of concrete. This scientific work continues previous research related to the classification of structural concretes based on their strength and deformational characteristics under an optimal mixing time of 180 seconds. As a result of strength tests on cube and prism specimens, concrete classes by axial compressive strength were established, not less than C16/20 (B20). The analysis of the current state of concrete development and research has shown that one of the technological factors for improving the quality of concrete mixtures is the specific sequence of feeding and mixing the components, which significantly influences the strength characteristics of the resulting concrete. In laboratory conditions, investigations were carried out on the strength and class of concrete under two experimental technologies of loading and mixing the components of the concrete mixture, with the optimal mixing time of 180 s. For this purpose, 16 cube specimens of 100 × 100 × 100 mm and 12 prism specimens of 100 × 100 × 400 mm were manufactured and tested. The obtained strength values of the experimental structural concretes and their class determination were compared with analogous strength indicators of concrete produced using the conventional technology of loading and mixing the components under the same optimal mixing time of 180 s. The results of the strength tests of concretes indicated that, in order to achieve a guaranteed class of structural concrete not less than B22.5 (class C not standardized) at the optimal mixing time of 180 s, it is necessary to apply the following technology of loading and mixing the components of the concrete mixture. According to this technology, first, 1 volumetric part of water and 5 volumetric parts of cement are added into the mixer and mixed for 30 s. Then, with the mixer stopped, 10 volumetric parts of sand and 2.5 volumetric …
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: Alexander Konoplianik
creator: Dmitrij Zhuk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 66
ending page: 81
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.06

STRENGTH OF FIBER-REINFORCED EXPANDED CLAY CONCRETE WITH MULTI-COMPONENT BINDER
type: item
description: Expanded clay concrete, basalt fiber, multi-component binder, compression, bending, strength The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the strength of expanded clay concrete with a multi-component binder incorporating basalt fiber, as well as an assessment of the effect of basalt fiber on the mechanical properties of concrete. During the experimental program, four concrete mixtures were produced and tested at the ages of 7, 28, and 90 days. The composition of structural expanded clay concrete with a multi-component binder corresponding to a design strength of 20 MPa was adopted for the study. Based on the obtained experimental data and using probability theory and mathematical statistics, a mathematical model of compressive and flexural strength of expanded clay concrete with a multi-component binder was developed as a function of basalt fiber content and testing age. The analysis of the experimental results showed that the incorporation of 1.0% basalt fiber increases compressive strength by 20%, while 1.5% basalt fiber results in an increase of 47%. At the same time, flexural strength increases by more than 25% with 1.0% basalt fiber and by more than 65% with 1.5% basalt fiber. These results indicate that a higher content of basalt fiber in expanded clay concrete with a multi-component binder leads to improved strength characteristics. The optimal content is 1.5% basalt fiber, which is recommended for use in both flexural and compressed structural elements. 1. Бабич Є.М., Дробишинець С.Я. Робота і розрахунок згинальних сталефібробетонних елементів: монографія. Луцьк: ЛНТУ, 2012. 194 с. Babych Ye.M., Drobyshynets S.Ia. Robota i rozrakhunok zghynalnykh stalefibrobetonnykh elementiv: monohrafiia. Lutsk: LNTU, 2012. 194 s. 2. Дворкін Л.Й. Високоміцні бетони: навчальний посібник / Л.Й. Дворкін, В.В. Житковський, Р.М. Макаренко // Київ,2022. - 216c. Dvorkin L.I. Vysokomitsni betony: navchalnyi posibnyk / L.I. Dvorkin, V.V. Zhytkovskyi, R.M. Makarenko // K…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: S.А., Kravchenko
creator: O.O., Posternak
creator: N.F., Urazmanova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 82
ending page: 91
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.07

INFLUENCE OF A COMPLEX POLYFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVE ON THE PROPERTIES OF OIL-WELL CEMENT
type: item
description: oil-well cement, finesses of cement, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, cellulose ether, free water separation, spreading, thickening time to a consistency 30 Bc. The article describes studies of effectiveness adding polyfunctional additive of polycarboxylate superplasticizer and cellulose ethers during grinding process of oil-well cement. Were obtained polynomial models that allow determining the influence of cement composition additives on water separation, spreading, as well as the corresponding thickening time and strength. Were shown the influence of introduction combinations of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer and cellulose ether on the main normalized parameters. Were obtained results that allow reducing water separation without affecting spreading, thickening time and strength. With adding 0.05% of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer and 0.02% of cellulose ether during grinding of oil-well cement is observed a decrease in water separation from 8.5 ml to 0.2 ml while maintaining the required plasticity of the cement paste with a spreading of 250 mm. In addition, another parameter like thickening time and flexural strength are at the sufficient level, not less than 3,5 MPa. But during adding polycarboxylate superplasticizer and cellulose ether as in composition and as separately observing decrease in flexural and compressive strength for about 1-1,5 MPa. Increased specific surface area and superplasticizer has a positive effect on the strength index and increases it by 3 MPa. Also the combination of cellulose ether content and superplasticizer has a negative effect on the compressive strength at the age of 28 days and decreases it by 3.5 MPa. Superplasticizer has a significant positive effect for spreading and for water consumption. Any dosage of superplasticizer and cellulose ether does not reduce the thickening time of cement paste to the critical value of 90 min. This study opens up a possible way to control the sedimentation process and allow to get oil-we…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: O. I. Krotiuk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 92
ending page: 100
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.08

INFLUENCE OF POLYMER FILM-FORMERS ON PROPERTIES OF ANTI-CORROSION POWDER COATINGS FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE
type: item
description: reinforced concrete structures; corrosion; powder coating materials; thermoplastic polymers; adhesion; molecular weight. The article is devoted to the study of the influence of the chemical structure and molecular weight of thermoplastic polymer film-formers on the physical and mechanical properties of powder coatings intended for the anti-corrosion protection of reinforced concrete structures. Reinforced concrete remains the most widespread building material globally due to its technological advantages, but it is highly susceptible to corrosion under aggressive environmental influences. Because concrete has a porous structure, corrosion processes propagate deep into the composite, making impermeability a crucial factor for durability. This necessitates the use of secondary protection systems, such as polymer coatings, to create an effective barrier. Modern environmental standards and economic factors dictate a transition towards 100% solid powder coating materials, which align with the 4E principle (ecology, economy, energy saving, efficiency). The research evaluates a diverse range of thermoplastic polymers, including polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), nylon, and saturated polyesters. The film formation process was investigated by measuring the surface tension of polymer melts using a modified Wilhelmy method in an argon atmosphere, assessing the spreading of the adhesive on the substrate according to ISO standards, and determining mechanical adhesion via pull-off testing and impact resistance. The results demonstrate that increasing the molecular weight of the polymer generally increases the surface tension of the melt. This inhibits the initial coalescence of powder particles and reduces spreading on the substrate, consequently lowering the mechanical bonding strength. Among the evaluated polymers, PVDF with a molecular weight of 40,000 g/mol exhibited the optimal combination of rheological and mechan…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: O.V., Lastivka
creator: D.M., Samchenko
creator: O.O., Tomin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 101
ending page: 108
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.09

INFLUENCE OF 3D PRINTER DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS ON EXTRUSION QUALITY
type: item
description: Concrete and mortar mixtures used in construction-scale 3D printing must meet a set of specific requirements dictated by the nature of additive manufacturing processes. A key prerequisite for achieving high-quality printed structures is the complementary interaction between the rheological properties of the construction mixture and the technological characteristics of the 3D printer. The overall quality of 3D printing is a multifactorial indicator formed under the influence of mechanical, technological, and control-related parameters of the printing system. Among these, extrusion-related parameters—particularly nozzle travel speed and material feed rate—play a decisive role. This study investigates the influence of nozzle movement speed and construction mixture feed rate on the quality of extrusion during construction 3D printing. The experimental program was carried out using a laboratory-scale 3D printer and designed according to a two-factor, three-level experimental plan. The extrusion quality index was adopted as an integral response parameter, enabling a comprehensive assessment of flow stability, layer uniformity, and geometric consistency of the printed filament. Experimental results were processed using statistical methods of design of experiments, resulting in the development of an adequate second-order regression model. The model reveals a nonlinear relationship between the technological parameters and extrusion quality, as well as a significant interaction effect between nozzle speed and material feed rate. An excessive increase in nozzle travel speed without a corresponding adjustment of the feed rate leads to extrusion discontinuities and reduced interlayer adhesion, while overly high material feed rates cause flow instability and geometric deformation of the printed layer. The proposed mathematical model enables quantitative prediction of extrusion quality within the investigated parameter range and can be effectively used for optimizing 3D printing p…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: Ruslan Makarenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 109
ending page: 117
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.10

THE INFLUENCE OF NOZZLE GEOMETRY ON EXTRUSION QUALITY IN 3D PRINTING
type: item
description: 3D construction printer, extrusion, nozzle, extrusion quality, splitting tensile strength design of experiments. This study investigates the influence of nozzle travel speed and nozzle geometry on extrusion quality and interlayer bond strength of cement-based mixtures in extrusion-based 3D concrete printing. The geometry of the nozzle is considered a critical parameter affecting the flow behavior of fresh mixtures, pressure distribution, and the quality of layer deposition. Three nozzle geometries were examined: circular, rectangular, and an intermediate oval-rectangular shape with rounded edges. The latter was designed to combine the advantages of both conventional geometries by ensuring smoother flow conditions and reducing stress concentration near sharp corners. Experimental investigations were carried out using a laboratory-scale 3D printer developed at the Department of Building Materials and Products Technology. A two-factor, three-level experimental design based on the method of design of experiments was applied. The main factors included nozzle travel speed and nozzle perimeter (as a coded representation of nozzle geometry). The responses analyzed were extrusion quality (evaluated using a qualitative scoring system) and interlayer bond strength, determined through splitting tensile strength tests. Second-order regression models were developed to quantify the effects of the studied parameters and their interactions. The analysis revealed that both factors exhibit nonlinear effects, with clearly defined optimal regions. Increasing nozzle speed was found to improve extrusion continuity and geometric stability of the deposited layer, but simultaneously reduce interlayer adhesion due to shorter contact time between successive layers. The results also indicate that nozzle geometry significantly affects material flow, contact area between layers, and compaction efficiency. In particular, the intermediate nozzle geometry demonstrated improved performance by balanci…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: Vitalii., Marchuk
creator: T.O., Tarasyuk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 118
ending page: 126
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.11

INFLUENCE OF GROUND LIMESTONE ADMIXTURE ON THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EXOTHERMIC HEATING OF CEMENT-BASED COMPOSITIONS
type: item
description: Portland cement, mineral additive, limestone, heat release, structure formation, cement stone. An important problem in the practice of producing mineral binders is the development of optimal proportions of Portland cement with mineral additives, particularly ground limestone. Such cement can be produced either by the joint grinding of Portland cement clinker, gypsum stone, and limestone, or by mixing Portland cement with ground limestone. This paper considers issues related to the influence of the amount of ground limestone (5…20 %) on bulk and true density, specific surface area, heat release, and compressive strength of cement stone at 3, 7, and 28 days of hardening. The study established that an increase in the content of ground limestone in the blended binder from 0 to 20 % slightly affects both bulk and true density, reducing them by 1,5 % and 4 %, respectively. A much more noticeable effect of the increased content of ground limestone is observed in the exothermic behavior of the binder. In particular, in the absence of ground limestone, the maximum heating of the composition reaches 45,6 °C, whereas with 20 % limestone the exothermic temperature rise does not exceed 38,7 °C. At the same time, the introduction of 20 % ground limestone into the cement composition causes a decrease (35 %) in the compressive strength of the cement stone, especially at the early age of 3 days. At the later age of 28 days, the reduction in compressive strength does not exceed 30 %. In this regard, it becomes evident that the use of superplasticizing admixtures in the technology of concrete mix production is necessary, or the cement consumption should be increased. 1. Кривенко П.В., Петропавловський О.М., Гелевера О.Г. Цементи з високим вмістом мінеральних домішок природного і техногенного походження. Будівництво України. 2006. №1.С. 39-45. Kryvenko P.V., Petropavlovskyi O.M., Helevera O.H. Tsementy z vysokym vmistom mineralnykh domishok pryrodnoho i tekhnohennoho pokhodzhennia. Bud…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: Maksym Momot
creator: Kostiantyn, Streltsov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 127
ending page: 135
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.12

SETTING THE DIFFUSION PARAMETERS AND MASSTRANSFER OF MOISTURE TO WOOD BY POLYMERIC MATERIAL
type: item
description: natural building materials, wood polymer products, thermal insulation products, moisture resistance, performance properties. The operational reliability and durability of a wood-polymer product depends mainly on the quality and reactivity of the polymer agent, as well as on the class of operating conditions of the object where these materials are used. Over time, the durability of operation may decrease, because the processes of water absorption by wood occur, which leads to swelling and hollowing of the wood-polymer product, and over time its destruction. Therefore, the establishment of the diffusion and mass transfer of water in a wood-polymer material is relevant for establishing the scope of application of such products, which necessitated the need for research in this direction. The paper investigated the resistance of wood-polymer composites to water absorption made from wood sawdust formed on the basis of starch, PVA glue and polymerized with mixtures of polyester and epoxy resins. A method for deriving the diffusion coefficient is proposed, which is based on the analytical solution of the differential equation of mass transfer, which allows, with a slight complexity than numerical ones, to find concentration flows at the boundary of the hydrophobic shell from the coefficients of the original equation and the conditions of uniqueness. It is proved that the main regulator of resistance to moisture absorption is the nature of the binders and the density and porosity of the material. As a result of the tests, it was found that the use of a binder based on PVA glue reduces the process of moisture diffusion to the product by more than 100 times, and for products based on epoxy polymer resin by more than 800 times. Therefore, the wood-polymer material, which was formed on the basis of synthetic resins, is not capable of absorbing moisture and withstands temperature and humidity fluctuations, Sun Z., Zuo Y., Li P., Li X., Lyu J. Hyperbranched organic-inorganic co-mo…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: Yu.V., Tsapko
creator: O.Yu., Tsapko
creator: O.Yu., Berdnyk
creator: I.O., Kasianchuk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 136
ending page: 146
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.13

ARBOLITE CONCRETE WITH A COMPLEX OF ORGANO-MINERAL ADDITIVES AND FILLERS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES
type: item
description: arbolit concrete, complex modification, strength, water resistance. This article addresses the issue of increasing the water resistance and strength of composite gypsum binders for concrete arbolite. The characteristics of the raw materials used are presented, research methods and techniques are described, the applied methods for mathematical experimental design are outlined, and the selection of experimental plans and variation factors is substantiated. An analysis is conducted of the possibility of increasing the biostability of concrete arbolite using a composite gypsum binder by adding a nanoadditive of highly active pyrogenic microsilica modified with silver, copper, and zinc compounds. Samples of concrete arbolite manufactured without and with the nanoadditive are presented at various magnifications. An optimal composition for environmentally friendly thermal insulation and thermal insulation-structural types of concrete arbolite with increased biostability, modified with the proposed multifunctional modifier, is recommended. An analysis of the study results allows us to conclude that the complex modification of the composite gypsum binder with micro-reinforcement, polymineral micro-pozzolanic filler additives and Sika superplasticizer in optimal proportions allows us to obtain a composite gypsum binder with a softening coefficient of 0.9. Volumetric hydrophobization provides an additional increase in compressive strength and water resistance. Dvorkin L.I. Modified water-cement ratio rule for the design of air-entrained concrete. Magazine of Civil Engineering. 2019. 85(1). pp. 123–135. Shinkevich E.S., Linnik D.S., Ysypchuk V.I. Improvement of Arbolit Concrete Bio-Resistance with Additives by Nanomodificators. Materials Science Forum. vol. 968. pp. 76-81. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.968.76 Derevianko V.N., Kondratieva N.V., Hryshko H.M. Study of impact factors and the mechanis of process of gypsum binder hydration in the presence of nanomodi…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: O.S., Shynkevych
creator: N.R., Antoniuk
creator: I.V., Zaginaylo
creator: D.S., Linnik
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 147
ending page: 159
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.14

STRENGTHENING OF MONOLITHIC REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS BY INSTALLING ADDITIONAL BEAMS THROUGH TECHNOLOGICAL OPENINGS: FROM ANALYSIS TO IMPLEMENTATION
type: item
description: reconstruction, strengthening, reinforced concrete slabs, reinforced concrete beams, deflection. The paper presents a method for strengthening monolithic reinforced concrete floor slabs in existing buildings with insufficient stiffness and excessive deflections. Based on the results of a technical inspection, typical defects such as cracking and increased deflections close to the allowable limits were identified. The analysis of the stress-strain state showed that the serviceability limit state governs the structural behavior, while the load-bearing capacity remains sufficient. A strengthening technique based on the installation of additional reinforced concrete beams through technological openings in the slab is proposed. The method allows the formation of new load-bearing elements without dismantling the existing structure. Numerical analysis was performed using actual material properties and geometric parameters obtained from in-situ investigations. Experimental studies were carried out on a scaled slab model with openings using the digital image correlation (DIC) method. The results confirmed the influence of openings on the deformation pattern and justified the need for stiffness compensation. The proposed strengthening solution was successfully implemented in practice. The construction process included cutting technological openings, installing reinforcement cages, formwork arrangement, and concreting through the slab thickness. The method demonstrated its effectiveness in improving structural stiffness and ensuring serviceability without significant intervention in the existing structure. The developed approach can be recommended for the strengthening and reconstruction of reinforced concrete slabs in buildings with similar structural deficiencies. 1. Бліхарський Я.З. Дослідження роботи залізобетонних конструкцій при підсиленні. Вісник Національного університету «Львівська політехніка». 2022. № 80. С. 80–85. Blikharskyi Ya.Z. Doslidzhennia roboty zalizobetonn…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: T.V., Bobalo
creator: O.P., Vytak
creator: D.Y., Yakymiv
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 160
ending page: 171
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.15

TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE NONLINEARITIES OF RESOURCE-SAVING STEEL-CONCRETE STRUCTURES DURING FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF THEIR OPERATION
type: item
description: construction, steel-reinforced concrete, nonlinearity, modeling, discreteness, analysis, software. A distinctive feature of steel-reinforced concrete elements is the combined operation of materials with different physical and mechanical properties and different deformation laws. In particular, it is known that steel behaves linearly in the elastic stage of its operation, while concrete deforms non-linearly practically from the initial stages of loading. The multi-stage creation of steel-reinforced concrete structures, when the steel part can independently absorb the load from the freshly laid monolithic concrete part during creation, causes a complex redistribution of internal forces over time, or so-called genetic nonlinearity. Numerical calculation methods, in particular the finite element method, create new opportunities for modeling complex stress-strain states of steel-reinforced concrete structures, taking into account the specified nonlinearities. The choice of software package for a specific study should be made taking into account the specifics of the task, the required level of modeling detail, the availability of software, and experience with the relevant software product. A comparative analysis of the capabilities of finite element modeling software packages showed that the LIRA-SAPR software package has the most advanced and convenient tools for modeling the stages of construction of building structures, setting initial stresses in structural components before combining them into a single calculation scheme, i.e., taking into account genetic nonlinearity thanks to specialized step processors. The universal software packages ANSYS, ABAQUS, and Femap with NX Nastran have broader capabilities for modeling physical nonlinearity and material damage, but modeling the stages of structural manufacturing in these software packages is less convenient and requires more detailed configuration of the sequence of calculation steps. 1. Крусь Ю. О. Зв’язок між напружен…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: A.V., Hasenko
creator: Ya.S., Kryzhanivskyi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 172
ending page: 180
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.16

EXPERIMENTAL TESTS OF SEMICIRCULAR REINFORCED CONCRETE ARCHES WITH TIGHTENING, MANUFACTURED BY 3D PRINTING METHOD
type: item
description: 3D printing; reinforced concrete arch; semicircular arch; tightening; reinforced concrete; deformations; deflections. The paper presents the results of experimental testing of semicircular tied reinforced concrete arches manufactured using construction-scale 3D printing technology and reinforced along the entire length. Two experimental specimens (A-1.1.1 and A-1.1.2) were tested under short-term stepwise loading applied at two points located at the third-span positions, which ensured the formation of a characteristic combination of axial forces and bending typical for semicircular tied arches. The research programme included recording longitudinal strains in concrete and reinforcement at characteristic cross-section levels (upper and middle zones), as well as measuring vertical mid-span deflections. The obtained results are presented in the form of load–strain and load–deflection relationships.The experimental curves demonstrate stable structural behaviour over a significant portion of the loading range. At the initial and intermediate stages, a gradual and nearly linear increase in strains was observed without abrupt changes in curve inclination, indicating the absence of premature separation of the concrete layers formed during the 3D printing process. The arches maintained stiffness and integrity up to approximately 85–90% of the ultimate load, confirming adequate interlayer bonding and efficient composite action of the arch ring and tie system. Readings from indicators installed at symmetric points remained close, indicating the absence of significant unintended eccentricities during testing. Failure of both specimens was localized and occurred along a normal crack in the load application zone near the movable hinge, where the combined effect of axial force and bending moment reached critical values while the overall arch action remained preserved. After unloading, the structures tended to return to their initial design position, confirming predominantly elasti…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: B.G., Demchyna
creator: L.I., Vozniuk
creator: S.O., Shcherbakov
creator: I.A., Furman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 181
ending page: 189
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.17

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATED METHODS FOR MODELING METAL STRUCTURES USING AUTOCAD 3D AND TEKLA STRUCTURES
type: item
description: Modeling, design, calculation, result, analysis, automation, construction. The article discusses the features of three-dimensional modeling in AutoCAD 3D and Tekla Structures automated design systems, which are widely used in modern engineering and construction design. The purpose of the study is to compare the functional capabilities of these software packages, identify their main advantages, disadvantages, and areas of effective practical use. The paper analyzes the history of software development, the principles of modeling organization, and the tools for creating spatial models. Particular attention is paid to the features of using three-dimensional modeling in AutoCAD, which has long remained a universal tool for creating drawings and geometric models in various fields of engineering. The possibilities of building solid and surface models, the flexibility of editing tools, and the versatility of the software environment are analyzed. At the same time, certain limitations of the program when performing specialized construction design tasks are noted. The article also explores the functionality of Tekla Structures as a modern BIM system focused on detailed modeling of building structures. The principle of working with parametric elements, the possibilities of creating an information model of a building, automated generation of working drawings, specifications, and material lists are considered. Particular attention is paid to the practical significance of the program in the design of metal structures. Based on the analysis, key differences between the approaches to three-dimensional modeling in these software packages have been identified. It has been shown that AutoCAD is suitable for universal graphic design and creation of basic 3D models, while Tekla Structures is an effective tool for detailed development of structural solutions and implementation of building information modeling technology. The results obtained may be useful for students of technical specia…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: B., Karavan
creator: V., Karavan
creator: M. Sushynskyi.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 190
ending page: 198
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.18

EFFECT OF THE DISCRETE LOCAL REINFORCEMENT PERCENTAGE STEEL FIBER CONTENT ON CRACK RESISTANCE AND CRACK WIDTH OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS
type: item
description: reinforced concrete beams, bending elements, dispersed local fiber reinforcement, crack resistance, crack opening width. Based on the conducted experimental studies, the results of the influence of the percentage of local reinforcement with steel fiber of the tension zone of reinforced concrete beams on their crack resistance and crack opening width are presented. The nature of the influence of local dispersed reinforcement on the above-mentioned parameters of reinforced concrete beams under study is revealed. The increase in crack resistance in beams using dispersed reinforcement was achieved due to the fact that the stiffness in their lower part was greater than in beams without local dispersed reinforcement. As was previously established in the testing of cubes and prisms, the physical and mechanical characteristics of samples using dispersed reinforcement are slightly higher than those of pure concrete samples, especially tensile strength. In addition, the density of fine-grained concrete reinforced with steel fiber is higher than that of pure concrete, which means that the grafting of longitudinal reinforcement will be greater. All these factors contribute to the increase in crack resistance and the reduction in the width of crack opening in beams using local dispersed reinforcement. These indicators changed with an increase of up to one percent. As indicated in the conclusions, the difference in the load of crack initiation and the width of opening in the studied beams is significant. 1. Дробишинець С. Я. Вплив повторних малоциклових навантажень на механічні характеристики сталефібробетону та роботу згинальних елементів на його основі: дис. канд. техн. наук: 05.23.01. Луцьк, 2005. 215 с. Drobyshynets S. Ya. Vplyv povtornykh malotsyklovykh navantazhen na mekhanichni kharakterystyky stalefibrobetonu ta robotu zghynalnykh elementiv na yoho osnovi: dys. ... kand. tekhn. nauk : 05.23.01. Lutsk, 2005. 215 s. 2. Ужегов С. О., Ужегова О. А., Пасічник Р. В., Андрійчук …
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: G.H. Masyuk
creator: V.E. Babich
creator: S. M. Melnychuk
creator: M.V., Muzychuk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 199
ending page: 205
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.19

STUDY OF CRACK FORMATION DYNAMICS AND RESISTANCE OF PIPE JOINTS
type: item
description: Pipe, deformation, crack, plastic zone, crack resistance. Portlandcement, 3D construction printer, extrusion, nozzle travel speed, extrusion quality, design of experiments. This study presents an in-depth investigation of the kinetics of crack formation in the weld metal and heat-affected zone (HAZ) under static and cyclic loading. The relevance of the topic stems from the need to improve the operational reliability of main pipelines under long-term service conditions. A correlation has been established between microstructural parameters, specifically the morphology of the ferrite-pearlite phase, and the metal’s resistance to the propagation of main cracks.Critical crack opening values and stress intensity factors for welds made under various process conditions were experimentally determined. Fractographic analysis methods were applied to identify fracture mechanisms—ranging from ductile pitting to brittle spalling. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the development of a refined model of crack initiation dynamics that accounts for residual welding stresses and the gradient of mechanical properties in the HAZ.The practical significance of the results lies in the ability to predict the remaining service life of pipe structures, taking into account the identified defects. Recommendations have been formulated for optimizing thermal welding cycles to ensure maximum resistance to failure. The obtained data can be used in the design of technical condition monitoring systems for high-risk facilities. A method has been developed for determining the energy criterion, which allows assessing the resistance to dynamic crack propagation in pipe steels of different strength groups (X50 – X70) and their welded joints made using different welding technologies. The energy parameter – AP was determined on DWTT type samples using a pendulum impact tester. A methodology has been developed for studying the corrosion cracking of pipes, taking into account the biaxial stress state …
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: Svitlana Rubtsova
creator: M. V Butyk
creator: R.M., Vakulin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 206
ending page: 215
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.20

INFLUENCE OF REPEATED LOADS ON DEFLECTIONS OF LINKS OF DOUBLE-HINGED REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMES WITH ARTIFICIAL REGULATION OF FORCES
type: item
description: Reinforced concrete, concrete, reinforcement, frame, force, deflection, calculation, deformation, stress The aim is to analyze the effect of repeated low-cycle loading on deflections in two-hinged reinforced concrete frames with artificial force regulation with similar two-hinged reinforced concrete frames without artificial force regulation. To study U-shaped reinforced concrete frames with artificial force regulation, reinforced concrete frame samples were manufactured, which had the following dimensions in the axes: span l = 2000 mm, height h = 1100 mm, cross-section of the frame beam – 160 × 100 mm, cross-section of the frame column 180 × 100 mm. The frame crossbar and uprights are reinforced with spatial frames with four symmetrically arranged Ø14A400C rods. The upper rods in the crossbar nodes are rounded and inserted into the uprights beyond the lower edge of the crossbar by 200 mm (twenty diameters). The transverse reinforcement in the uprights and crossbars is made in the form of closed welded frames of Ø5Vr-I rods installed in the crossbar with a pitch of 60, and in the upright 70 and 50 mm in the near-wall zone. The prestressed tightening of the frame is made of Ø18 A400C rod reinforcement. The frame tests were performed according to the scheme of a two-hinged system, loading the crossbar with two concentrated forces at a distance of 75 cm from the axis of the uprights. The forces were created by a hydraulic jack, and the force was measured by a calibrated ring dynamometer. The results of the analysis of the influence of repeated loads on the deflections of the frame crossbar with artificial force regulation are presented. It was established that at loading levels Fcyc ≈ 0.3 Fu – 0.45 Fu, the stabilization of the deflections of the frame crossbar with artificial force regulation occurs by the fifth load-unload cycle. At loading levels Fcyc ≈ 0.3 Fu – 0.7 Fu, the stabilization of the frame deflections occurs by the sixth load-unload cycle. An increase in t…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: S.V. Filipchuk
creator: O.L. Sobishchanskyi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 216
ending page: 223
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.21

REINFORCEMENT OF DRY FIBERCONCRETE COATINGS
type: item
description: high-strength; steelfiber concrete; coating; wear resistance; protection. In the last two decades, steelfiber concrete has become widely used. Currently, this material is combined with traditional reinforced concrete with continuous reinforcement. The main points of steelfibreconcrete lie on the displaced support due to tension and high viscosity of the structure, fiber fragments provide effective support for opening cracks not only due to consolidation (based on axial for fiber straight), but also support in the transverse direction. The average economical effect of viscous pipe lined with fiber-reinforced concrete is 25458.0 UAH/m. When adding 1 km to the slurry pipeline, the amount will become 25458000 UAH, which provides significant savings in fixed assets for the enterprise. This figure does not account for the cost of downtime associated with the installation of a new pipe and the dismantling of the old one, as well as repairs to the slurry pipeline, which take up many hours during the operation of the pipe. The use of wear-resistant lining allows you to significantly increase the service life of the pipeline, especially pipelines operating in difficult conditions at high speeds up to 30 m/s and particle sizes up to 4 mm, abrasive rocks, and elevated temperatures up to 1200 °C. Due to their strength properties, products made using fiberconcrete lining (lined pipes, bends, tees, crosses, gutters) can withstand loads significantly exceeding 5 MPa and therefore can be widely used to protect equipment from abrasive wear, exposure to aggressive environments and high temperatures, which is confirmed by many years of experience in operating such products in various industries, ensuring an increase in the service life of equipment by 2…6 times. Дворкін Л.Й. Бетони спеціального призначення. Навчальний посібник. – Київ: Видавничий дім «Кондор», 2018. 354 с. ISBN 978-617-7582-30-3. Дворкін Л.Й. Гідротехнічні бетони. Навчальний посібник. – Київ: Каравела, 2023. 285 с. Hut…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: D.V., Anopko
creator: O.P., Bondarenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 224
ending page: 232
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.22

JUSTIFICATION FOR THE SELECTION OF RATIONAL WINDOW SYSTEMS BASED ON MULTI-CRITERIA OPTIMIZATION
type: item
description: Material, sealing, thermal insulation, characteristics, design, cost, analysis, load, operation, calculation, indicator, coefficient, standard. It is widely recognised that window design is a fundamental factor influencing a building’s overall energy performance and thermal efficiency. Windows serve not only as sources of natural insolation and ventilation but also act as primary elements determining heat transmission and indoor climatic comfort. Consequently, the strategic selection of window configurations has a direct and significant impact on energy consumption patterns and annual heating expenditures. The energy efficiency of modern window systems is evaluated through a comprehensive set of parameters, including thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficients, and structural airtightness. Furthermore, a professional assessment must incorporate long-term operating costs, structural durability, and the feasibility of routine maintenance. A holistic approach to selection necessitates a detailed analysis of regional climatic conditions, building orientation, architectural typology, and specific functional requirements. Such a strategy not only minimises the thermal load on the building’s HVAC systems but also ensures an optimal living environment for occupants. This study conducts a comparative analysis of several prominent window system configurations: the Rehau 5-chamber PVC-U, Rehau 3-chamber PVC-U, WDS 5-chamber PVC-U, WDS 76 AD / WDS 76 MD profiles, and the VEKA 5-chamber system. The research methodology involved rigorous calculations of heat loss, additional heating expenditures, and initial material costs for installation. Additionally, capital investments in infrastructure and annual maintenance and repair costs were determined using the Life Cycle Costing (LCC) approach. The preliminary economic evaluation revealed that the lowest discounted costs (1,000 UAH) are associated with the WDS 76 AD profile, followed by the VEKA Softline 70 (1,098 UAH). To ensur…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: Ye.Ye., Babich
creator: P.S., Homon
creator: O.Ye., Polianovska
creator: R.I., Semyak
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 233
ending page: 245
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.23

METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION IN TECHNICAL SUPERVISION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF CONSTRUCTION DIGITALIZATION
type: item
description: digitalization, project management, BIM, design documentation, project stage, efficiency, optimization, modeling, design, designer, construction, organization, knowledge‑based engineering, clashes, convergence of design stages, knowledge engineering, algorithmic design, design solution plugin, infrastructure restoration. The article investigates the issue of organizational collisions arising during the multi-stage design of construction objects within the context of Ukraine's infrastructure restoration. The author analyzes international practices (RIBA, HOAI, ACE) and the national regulatory framework, identifying gaps between conceptual solutions and detailed project development. A hypothesis is proposed regarding the necessity of design stage convergence through the digitalization of experts' implicit experience. The concept of a "Design Solution Plugin" (DSP) is introduced as a digital asset based on Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE) and Algorithmic Design (AD) methodologies. The shift in the designer's role from a performer of routine tasks to an architect of logical systems is justified. 1. Каетано Ж. Інтеграція аналізу експлуатаційних характеристик будівлі в робочі процеси генеративного проектування [Integration of Building Performance Analysis in Generative Design Workflows] : дис. … д-ра філос. (PhD) / Лісабонський університет. – Лісабон, 2021. – 258 с. Kaetano Zh. Intehratsiia analizu ekspluatatsiinykh kharakterystyk budivli v robochi protsesy heneratyvnoho proektuvannia [Integration of Building Performance Analysis in Generative Design Workflows] : dys. … d-ra filos. (PhD) / Lisabonskyi universytet. – Lisabon, 2021. – 258 s. 2. Управління будівельними проєктами за допомогою інформаційної системи «Цифровий двійник» / Г. Рижакова, О. Малихін, В. Поколенко та ін. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering. 2022. Vol. 12, Iss. 10. 24–33. DOI: 10.46338/ijetae1022_03. Upravlinnia budivelnymy proiektamy za dopomohoiu informatsiinoi syst…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: O.O., Demidova
creator: D. Y., Vakhovych
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 246
ending page: 258
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.24

COMBINED FIBER-REINFORCED CONCRETE INVESTIGATION OF STRENGTH AND WEAR RESISTANCE
type: item
description: Fiber reinforced concrete, roads, airports, fiber. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the strength and wear resistance of combined fiber-reinforced concrete intended for use in rigid pavement structures. The relevance of the research is обусловлена the growing demand for durable pavement materials capable of withstanding intensive traffic loads, repeated mechanical impacts, and aggressive environmental influences. Conventional cement concrete, despite its high compressive strength, is characterized by limited crack resistance and insufficient resistance to abrasion, which often leads to premature deterioration of rigid pavements. The study focuses on the effect of combined fiber reinforcement, achieved through the simultaneous use of fibers of different types and mechanical properties, on the formation of the mechanical and performance characteristics of concrete composites. The synergistic interaction of fibers with different geometries, elastic moduli, and bonding mechanisms contributes to improved stress redistribution within the cement matrix and inhibits the initiation and propagation of microcracks at early stages of loading. Experimental investigations included the evaluation of compressive strength, flexural strength, and wear resistance of combined fiber-reinforced concrete compared to reference compositions without fibers and with single-type fiber reinforcement. Special attention was paid to the behavior of the material under conditions simulating operational loads typical for rigid pavements of highways, airfields, industrial floors, and logistics terminals. The obtained results demonstrate that combined fiber reinforcement significantly enhances crack resistance, abrasion resistance, and overall durability of concrete, particularly under conditions of cyclic loading and exposure to aggressive media. The findings confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of using combined fiber-reinforced concrete in rigid pavement structures. Th…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: О.M., Рolischuk
creator: Y.Y., Ziatiuk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 259
ending page: 265
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.25

HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT OF THE INTERNAL SURFACE OF THE EXTERNAL WALL AND THERMOMETRIC METHOD
type: item
description: coefficient, heat, convection, radiation, measurement, temperature, wall, building A method for determining the heat transfer coefficient of the inner surface of the outer wall is proposed. The method takes into account real conditions. The heat transfer coefficient is presented as the sum of the radiative and convective parts. The radiative part takes into account the surface emission coefficients, the temperature of the outer wall surface, and the average radiation temperature, which is taken equal to the weighted average temperature of the inner surfaces. The average surface temperature is proposed to be determined using infrared thermography. The convective component of the heat transfer coefficient is determined according to the values of certain dimensionless parameters. To assess the dominant mechanism of air movement near the surface, the speed of movement is measured with hot-wire anemometer. A formula is obtained to determine the transition point from the laminar flow regime to the turbulent one. A choice of equations is proposed to determine the local values of the Nusselt number, and accordingly, the convective component of the heat transfer coefficient. A ratio for the average values of the convective component is obtained. Field studies were performed for real multi-stored residential buildings. The local and averaged values of the heat transfer coefficient of wall surfaces were obtained. This can be useful both for determining the average value of the wall U-value and for comparison with the results of local experimental measurements by other methods. Using the determined heat transfer coefficients and the thermometric method (THM), of the wall U-value were obtained. For conditions of low temperature in the room and a well-insulated wall, a significant decrease in the heat transfer coefficient of the wall surface, and accordingly, of the wall U-value, was obtained in comparison with the results obtained using the standard constant value of the heat tr…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: М. Bosetskyi
creator: Yu., Bodnar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 266
ending page: 275
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.26

ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A DESIGNED SINGLE-APARTMENT RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
type: item
description: coefficient, resistance, heat, temperature, modernization, energy, efficiency, wall, building The objective of this study is to analyze the energy efficiency of a two-story, single-family, wood-frame residential building in the Lviv region. To this end, we analyzed the energy requirements associated with transmission and ventilation heat losses, assessed their contribution to energy efficiency, and proposed thermal modernization measures. For simplicity, we determine the average heat loss during the heating season. We assume energy consumption equals energy requirements, and the latter is defined as the sum of transmission and ventilation heat losses. In accordance with standards, the indoor temperature is assumed to be 20°C, and the outdoor temperature is assumed to be equal to the average temperature during the heating season (0.4°C). The duration of the heating season is assumed to be 179 days. To determine the reduced thermal resistance of the exterior walls, we model wall sections using the finite element method. Since there is a ventilation gap between the exterior finish and the insulation, this structure is not considered in the thermal calculation. Its effect is accounted for through the heat transfer coefficient. We also do not consider interior finishing layers. Based on AIVC data, we adopt an air exchange rate of 0.4 h-1. As a result of the analysis of the results obtained, the following conclusions were made. Without taking into account the reduction in heat transfer resistance through thermal bridges, the building meets the regulatory requirements in force at the time of design. Taking into account thermal bridges, the building does not meet the regulatory requirements of that time for some structures, in particular, the resistance for walls is 83% of the regulatory value, and for the attic floor - 86%. To ensure the energy efficiency of low-rise residential buildings with a wooden frame, it is necessary to use cross-insulation of enclosing structures.…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: L., Horon
creator: A., Mazurak
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 276
ending page: 283
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.27

IMPACT OF CLIMATIC TEMPERATURES ON OPERATIONAL MODE OF LEFT-BANK UKRAINE MOTOR ROADS
type: item
description: road, asphalt concrete, coating, temperature, mode, transportation Analysis of temperature regime of the Left-Bank Ukraine roads surface was carried out in order to establish probable duration of hot and cold periods, dangerous for operation of asphalt concrete road surfaces. Based on the research results, administrative-territorial zoning of Left-Bank Ukraine was carried out according to the values of these indicators. Assessment of the temperature regime indicators of road surface operation was carried out based on the results of soil surface temperature meteorological observations at 61 meteorological stations from 10 regions of Left-Bank Ukraine. Using the previously developed methodology, meteorological data and characteristics of the road surface material, duration of dangerously cold and dangerously hot periods for the surface layer of highways, as well as duration of periods with a potential risk of ice formation on the road surface were predicted. For each of the administrative regions of Left-Bank Ukraine, average and estimated values ​​of these indicators are established at a provision of 0.9. Temperature regime of road surfaces has a clearly expressed seasonal and territorial variability. Duration of the dangerously cold period as well as the period with the risk of ice formation increases, while duration of the dangerously hot period decreases from the south to the north of Ukraine. Duration of the dangerously cold period changes more intensively across the territory compared to duration of the dangerously hot period. The final result of the research is administrative-territorial zoning of monthly and annual average and estimated regional duration of dangerous periods, presented in a tabular form which is convenient for practical application. The results of the study are recommended to be used in planning road transportation and creating operational warehouse stocks by taking into account the average and estimated number of days with dangerous road traf…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: A., Kariuk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 284
ending page: 294
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.28

JUSTIFICATION OF THE NECESSITY OF REINFORCING DAMAGED REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOORS OF LARGE-PANEL BUILDINGS BY CREATING STEEL REINFORCED CONCRETE NON-CONTINUOUS STRUCTURES
type: item
description: building, slab, damage, assessment, restoration, analysis, steel reinforce concrete, operation. The article investigates the beyond-design impacts on precast reinforced concrete floor systems of frameless large-panel multi-storey buildings resulting from military actions. The study examines the influence of external and internal factors on these structures and their subsequent deterioration. Drawing on detailed technical inspection reports conducted by the State Research Institute of Building Constructions (NIISK) in 2022 to assess the structural integrity and serviceability of buildings, this paper analyzes the nature of war-induced effects on frameless large-panel structures and their individual components, specifically precast reinforced concrete slabs. The research considers cases of multiple direct artillery strikes and aerial bombings, which cause the destruction of primary load-bearing members and the associated damage or collapse of floor elements. Scientific analysis of the condition of buildings and structures damaged by military actions leads to the conclusion that frame-monolithic structures exhibit the highest resilience, whereas frameless panel or large-panel buildings demonstrate the lowest structural stability. The findings of this analysis provide a foundation for the further identification, investigation, and development of more efficient methods for restoring the serviceability of damaged precast reinforced concrete floor systems. This remains a critical task today, necessitating solutions that prioritize not only structural restoration efficiency but also the safety of personnel and residents during and after the rehabilitation process. Recommendations for reinforcement took into account the nature of the damage and consisted in the formation of steel-reinforced concrete structures. ДСТУ 9273:2024 «Настанова щодо обстеження будівель і споруд для визначення та оцінювання їхнього технічного стану. Механічний опір та стійкість». - Київ, ДП "УкрНДЦ",…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: Kudlai, Andrii
creator: Nataliia Tabarkevych
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 295
ending page: 304
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.29

FEATURES OF TECHNICAL SUPERVISION OVER EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION IN CONSTRUCTION
type: item
description: technical supervision, equipment installation, labor intensity, organization of technical supervision, control operations, influencing factors Ensuring the operational reliability and safety of construction objects directly depends on the quality of equipment installation works. Although the technical supervision service plays a key role in this process, a significant normative contradiction arises in practice. Current cost-estimate guidelines artificially divide equipment into "engineering" (included in the calculation base for supervision service costs) and "technological" (excluded from it). This creates an organizational and legal collision for the engineer, who bears comprehensive responsibility for the quality of the installed object but does not receive the appropriate normative and resource provision. Proving the absence of correlation between the actual labor intensity of technical supervision over equipment installation and its normative cost-estimate division into technological and non-technological. The study utilizes a complex of general scientific and special methods: systemic-normative analysis, structural decomposition of the organizational-technological supervision algorithm, as well as the method of comparative analysis of regulated control operations. The research has confirmed the complete functional identity of construction control processes. It has been established that the regulated algorithm of the engineer's actions remains unchanged: incoming inspection of factory documentation, acceptance of foundations for installation, operational supervision of fastening units, and mandatory participation in individual testing are performed in full regardless of the equipment's normative status. It is proven that the use of equipment for manufacturing the final product or providing services does not alter the technology of its construction control in any way. It has been determined that the real determinants shaping the engineer's actual working time ex…
subject: Статті
  topic: section
creator: V.V. Lashchivskyi
creator: L., Tereshchenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Resource-saving materials, structures, buildings and structures
date: 2026-05-31
publication date: 2026-05-31
starting page: 305
ending page: 313
doi: 10.31713/budres.v0i49.30