HEAT AND SOUND INSULATION MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS BASED ON MODIFIED BASALT FIBER

Abstract

The current level of development of the industrial production of thermal and sound insulation products based on continuous fibers implies: reduced energy and raw material costs, increased environmental safety of technological processes for the production of fibers and products based on them, increased reliability and durability of products, as well as increased chemical stability.

Basalt is a natural material that is environmentally friendly, does not emit harmful substances when melted and is easy to recycle, and the combination of properties such as chemical resistance, high temperature stability and mechanical strength makes basalt fibers compete with more expensive glass fibers in the production of harnesses and products for various functional purposes based on them. Therefore, the use of basalt fibers in the production of heat and sound insulation products provides a secondary environmental effect compared to the products currently used, which reduces the risk of environmental pollution by highly toxic metals and their oxides, which are part of the charge for the production of conventional mineral and borosilicate glasses. The relevance of research in this area is highlighted in the works performed in leading research laboratories and at modern industrial enterprises. The problems of the use of basalt fibers in building materials are discussed in the works of Dzhigiris D.D., Makhova M.F., Aslanova M.S., Mohort M.A., Gotz V.I., Walz A., Mayer M., which emphasize the need to ensure the conditions and control the processes of basalt fiber structure formation to obtain heat and sound insulation products with improved performance properties. However, with increasing requirements for heat and sound insulation products, the requirements for fiber properties increase, which requires improvement of its structure. According to the data in the literature, this can be done both by modifying the melt and by processing the fiber before its use