STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF MINERAL COMPONENTS ON THE PROPERTIES OF ROAD HYDRAULIC BINDERS

Abstract

The development of modern road construction requires the continual improvement of materials that ensure high quality, durability, and reliability of pavements. A key role in this process is played by road hydraulic binders, which are used for constructing road bases and pavements due to their ability to harden and maintain strength under demanding operating conditions. In response to current challenges in transport infrastructure, increasing attention is being paid to roller-compacted concrete (RCC), driven by rising costs of bituminous binders and the widespread availability of asphalt paving equipment that can be adapted for RCC placement.

This study explores the potential of using various mineral components —natural and synthetic zeolites, metakaolin, limestone, coal slag waste, and calcined sunflower ash—as partial substitutes for Portland cement in hydraulic binders. These materials were incorporated in varying proportions, and their effects on setting time, volume stability, and compressive strength were evaluated. The mineral additives, compliant with EN 13282-2:2021, significantly influenced hydration processes and microstructure development, especially under low water-to-cement ratios. Among the tested components, metakaolin, natural zeolite, and calcined sunflower ash (at up to 10 wt.% cement replacement) demonstrated the most promising results, contributing to enhanced early and final strength.

The use of such mineral additives not only improves the performance characteristics of binders but also supports the principles of circular economy by recycling industrial by-products and reducing environmental impact. The findings highlight the viability of integrating sustainable materials into road construction to achieve both technical efficiency and environmental responsibility.